Homeric Greek
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Homeric Greek
Homeric Greek is the form of the Greek language that was used by Homer in the Iliad and Odyssey. It is an archaic version of Ionic Greek, with admixtures from certain other dialects, such as Aeolic Greek. It later served as the basis of Epic Greek,[citation needed] the language of epic poetry, typically in dactylic hexameter, of poets such as Hesiod. Unlike later forms of the language, Homeric Greek did not have available in most circumstances a true definite article. Compositions in Epic Greek may date from as late as the 3rd century AD, though its decline was inevitable with the rise of Koine Greek.
Only irregular forms are provided, omitted forms can usually be predicted by following patterns seen in Ionic Greek.
Nouns
Pronouns
A Note on Nouns
Verbs
Adverbs
Particles
Homer (the Iliad and the Odyssey) uses about 9,000 words, of which 1,382 are proper names. Of the 7,618 remaining words 2,307 are hapax legomena.
The Iliad, lines 1–7
Robert Fitzgerald (1974):
Alexander Pope (1720):
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